CLEAN AND WHITE

Book ID/图书代码： 14932715B80491

English Summary/英文概要： When Joe Biden attempted to compliment Barack Obama by calling him "clean and articulate," he unwittingly tapped into one of the most destructive racial stereotypes in American history. This book tells the history of the corrosive idea that whites are clean and those who are not white are dirty. From the age of Thomas Jefferson to the Memphis Public Workers strike of 1968 through the present day, ideas about race and waste have shaped where people have lived, where people have worked, and how American society’s wastes have been managed. Clean and White offers a history of environmental racism in the United States focusing on constructions of race and hygiene. In the wake of the civil war, as the nation encountered emancipation, mass immigration, and the growth of an urbanized society, Americans began to conflate the ideas of race and waste. Certain immigrant groups took on waste management labor, such as Jews and scrap metal recycling, fostering connections between the socially marginalized and refuse. Ethnic "purity" was tied to pure cleanliness, and hygiene became a central aspect of white identity. Carl A. Zimring here draws on historical evidence from statesmen, scholars, sanitarians, novelists, activists, advertisements, and the United States Census of Population to reveal changing constructions of environmental racism. The material consequences of these attitudes endured and expanded through the twentieth century, shaping waste management systems and environmental inequalities that endure into the twenty-first century. Today, the bigoted idea that non-whites are "dirty" remains deeply ingrained in the national psyche, continuing to shape social and environmental inequalities in the age of Obama.

Chinese Summary/中文概要： 当乔•拜登试图通过称呼巴拉克•奥巴马为“干净何清晰的”来赞美他时，他无意中挖掘了美国历史上最具破坏性的种族成见之一。这本书讲述了一段充充斥着腐蚀性想法的历史，即白人是干净的，其他的都是肮脏的。从托马斯•杰佛逊的时代到1968年孟菲斯公共工人罢工再到如今，关于种族和垃圾的思想塑造了人们生活和工作的地方，以及美国社会的垃圾是如何管理的。《干净和白色》提供了聚焦于种族和卫生建设的美国种族歧视的历史环境。在内战之后，国家遭遇了解放，大规模的移民和城市化社会的发展，美国人开始将种族和垃圾的思想混合。某些移民群体采取了废物管理劳动，如犹太人和废金属回收，促进社会边缘化和拒绝之间的连接。种族“纯洁”被束缚于纯净的清洁，而卫生成为白人身份的一个重要方面。卡尔•A•齐姆林在书中借鉴来自政治家，学者，作家，活动家，保健，广告和美国人口普查的历史证据来揭示环境种族主义的改变结构。这些态度的决定性后果在二十世纪持续和扩大，形成了垃圾管理系统和环境的不平等，并一直持续到二十一世纪。今天，非白人是“肮脏”的偏执想法仍然根深蒂固留在民族心理，继续塑造奥巴马的时代环境和社会的不平等。(LNL)

Awards/获奖情况：“什么是创新研究！在《干净和白色》中，卡尔•齐姆林解释了由来已久的对种族的评论，即白色使干净和优秀的，黑色是肮脏和糟糕的。他通过展示这种在环境种族主义中的恶毒比较的文化根源，展开了讨论。那些对种族和现代环保问题感兴趣的读者，将从阅读本书中受益。”——马丁•梅罗萨，《卫生城市》的作者

"What an innovative study! In Clean and White, Carl Zimring addresses an age-old critique of racism that posits white as clean and good and black as dirty and bad. In so doing, he elevates the discussion by demonstrating the cultural roots of this nefarious comparison within the context of environmental racism. Those interested in both questions of race and modern environmentalism will benefit from reading this book."-Martin V. Melosi, author of "The Sanitary City"

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