HOW REASON ALMOST LOST ITS MIND: THE STRANGE CAREER OF COLD WAR RATIONALITY
Book ID/图书代码： 13560015B81548
English Summary/英文概要： In the United States at the height of the Cold War, roughly between the end of World War II and the early 1980s, a new project of redefining rationality commanded the attention of sharp minds, powerful politicians, wealthy foundations, and top military brass. Its home was the human sciences—psychology, sociology, political science, and economics, among others—and its participants enlisted in an intellectual campaign to figure out what rationality should mean and how it could be deployed.
How Reason Almost Lost Its Mind brings to life the people—Herbert Simon, Oskar Morgenstern, Herman Kahn, Anatol Rapoport, Thomas Schelling, and many others—and places, including the RAND Corporation, the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, the Cowles Commission for Research and Economics, and the Council on Foreign Relations, that played a key role in putting forth a “Cold War rationality.” Decision makers harnessed this picture of rationality—optimizing, formal, algorithmic, and mechanical—in their quest to understand phenomena as diverse as economic transactions, biological evolution, political elections, international relations, and military strategy. The authors chronicle and illuminate what it meant to be rational in the age of nuclear brinkmanship.
Chinese Summary/中文概要： 在美国，大约二战结束到20世纪80年代早期，也就是冷战最为严重的时期，一个重新定义理性的全新项目吸引了众多政治权贵、富商和军事巨头的注意。其根本是人类科学——心理学、社会学、政治科学、经济学等等——参与者试图找出何谓理性以及如何有效地利用理性。
《如何失去理智》为Herbert Simon、Oskar Morgenstern、 Herman Kahn、Anatol Rapoport和Thomas Schelling等人物以及发展研究公司、行为科学高级研究中心等地点重新赋予了生命，这些人物和地点在推动冷战理性的过程中扮演着关键角色。决策制定者在其探求过程中利用理性——优化、正式和机械——来理解经济交易、生物演化、政治选举、国际关系和军事策略等复杂的现象。作者按照时间顺序阐述了在核边缘政策的时代下何谓理性。（LYR）
Awards/获奖情况：“具有广泛的启示意义……作者展示了行为科学家在微机关头陷入军事和政治决策时可能是多么危险，就好比物理学家参与到炸弹制作中一样危险。”——Mary S. Morgan，伦敦经济学院
“一支由科学技术方面的历史学家组成的梦想团队。”——Nick Cullather，印度大学
“通过6个编年体章节，作者展示了理性这一朴素而又反人道主义的理念加固了一群追求研究多样性的学者的工作……《如何失去理智》提出了一个关于美国社会学的激进的观点，如今这一观点受到了越来越多的赞同。战后社会学方面的历史学家定能从这本书中收获良多，所有历史学方面的学者，甚至于各类美国科学从业者都能从本书中受益颇多。”——Michael Rossi，芝加哥大学
About the Author/作者介绍： Paul Erickson 是卫斯理安大学社会历史科学系助理教授，现居米德尔敦，Judy L. Klein是玛丽鲍尔温学院经济学教授，现居斯汤顿，Lorraine Daston 是Max Planck科学历史学院的主任，兼芝加哥大学社会思维协会客座教授，现居柏林。Rebecca Lemov 是哈弗大学科学历史系副教授，现居马萨诸塞州剑桥。Thomas Sturm 是巴塞罗那自治大学哲学系研究教授，现居西班牙。Michael D. Gordin 是普林斯顿大学科学历史系教授，现居普林斯顿。
Paul Erickson is assistant professor of history and science in society at Wesleyan University and lives in Middletown, CT. Judy L. Klein is professor of economics at Mary Baldwin College and lives in Staunton, VA. Lorraine Daston is director of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science and visiting professor in the Committee on Social Thought at the University of Chicago. She lives in Berlin, Germany. Rebecca Lemov is associate professor of the history of science at Harvard University and lives in Cambridge, MA. Thomas Sturm is a Ramón y Cajal Research Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the Autonomous University of Barcelona and lives in Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. Michael D. Gordin is professor of the history of science at Princeton University and lives in Princeton, NJ.
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