PROPERTY RIGHTS, PLANNING AND MARKETS: MANAGING SPONTANEOUS CITIES

Book ID/图书代码： 04289516B87392

English Summary/英文概要： This book represents a major innovation in the institutional analysis of cities and their planning, management and governance. Using concepts of transaction costs and property rights, the work shows systematically how urban order evolves as individuals co-operate in cities for mutual gain. Five kinds of urban order are examined, arising as co-operating individuals seek to reduce the costs of transacting with each other. These are organisational order (combinations of property rights), institutional order (rules and sanctions), proprietary order (fragmentation of property rights), spatial order and public domain order. Property Rights, Planning and Markets also offers an institutional interpretation of urban planning and management that challenges both the view that planning inevitably conflicts with freedom of contract and the view that its function is a means of correcting market failures. Real life examples from countries and regions around the world are used to illustrate the universal relevance of theoretical generalisations, which will be welcomed by a new generation of policymakers and students who take on a world view that goes beyond national boundaries.

Chinese Summary/中文概要： 本书展示了针对城市及其规划、管理和治理的制度性分析方面的重大创新。本书利用教育成本和产权理念系统性地说明了随着个人在城市中的合作、以获取双赢，城市秩序如何发生演变。书中探讨了五种城市秩序：组织秩序（产权结合）、制度秩序（规则和制裁）、专有秩序（产权分裂）、空间秩序和公共领域秩序。此外，《产权、规划与市场》还提供了有关城市规划和管理的制度阐释，挑战了“规划将会无可避免地与契约自由冲突”这一论断以及“规划功能是纠正市场失败的一种方式”这一观点。书中利用来自全球各地的实际案例阐述了理论概括的普遍联系，将受到超越国家界限的新一代政策制定者和学生的欢迎。（LYR）

Awards/获奖情况：“这是一本非常重要的书。作者提供了有关规划和城市化的积极理论。Webster 和 Lai的模型基于制度学派经济学，对于同样充满抱负的前人而言，是一项伟大的进步。本书见解独到，分析清晰，定能成为任何想更好了解城市演变的读者的必读书目。”——Ernest Alexander

“Chris Webster 和 Lawrence Lai 创造了一致的、具有洞察力的理念整合，例如产权、组织、竞争、激励机制、教育成本等等，有助于理论学家和城市规划实践者分析、管理城市货物和服务。”—— Fred Foldvary

“本书对于规划文献作出了重要的贡献。本书语言优美，结构清晰，通过经济学交易成本理论和新制度主义的角度解释了规划与市场之间复杂的关系，为关注旧的经济与规划议程提供了全新大胆的方式。”——Patsy Healey

“Webster 和 Lai教授撰写了一本杰作，将哈耶克原理和制度学派经济学原理运用到理解城市规划中。相比传统的政治立场正确的观点，本书的观点更为新颖、有说服力。”——Harry W. Richardson

’This is an important book. The authors in effect offer a positive theory of planning and urbanisation. As such, Webster and Lai’s model, based on institutional economics, is a vast improvement on some equally ambitious predecessors. The book’s insights and clarity make it a must reading for anyone seeking better understanding of how cities evolve as they do, and why planning is an integral part of their evolution.’ -- Ernest Alexander, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, US ’A truly remarkable achievement.’ -- Mark Pennington, Kings College, London, UK ’Chris Webster and Lawrence Lai have created a coherent and insightful integration of concepts such as property rights, organizations, competition, incentives, transaction costs, public goods, and externalities, which will help theorists and urban practitioners analyze and manage city goods and services. An important insight of the authors is the recognition of the interdependencies of people in a neighborhood, which can be efficiently handled with shares in the property value of the neighborhood. There is a constant question of how much markets and how much government should be involved in urban matters, and the authors provide a reasoned, balanced approach which recognizes the vital role of government while appreciating the effectiveness of markets and decentralized decision making, including private institutions or "clubs" such as homeowners’ associations. Their position that governments and markets co-evolve and complement one another is sound, and their conclusions regarding the need to provide clear property rights and efficient rules provide us with theoretical tools to better understand how cities can be improved while being wary of the "allure of utopia".’ -- Fred Foldvary, Santa Clara University, California, US ’This is a really important contribution to the planning literature. Beautifully written and clearly structured, it explains the complex relationship between "planning" and "markets" using the economic perspective of transaction cost theory and the "new-institutionalism". This provides a robust way of addressing the old "economic and planning" agenda, which the authors illustrate with references to cases and situations from across the world. Informative and stimulating, this should be included in every planning theory course, and will be helpful to all trying to re-think old debates about planning and markets.’ -- Patsy Healey, Newcastle University, UK ’Professors Webster and Lai have written a masterly work that applies the principles of Hayek and of institutional economics to understanding cities. This is a refreshing and more convincing alternative to the standard politically correct views.’ -- Harry W. Richardson, University of Southern California, US ’Property Rights, Planning and Markets covers an original and intriguing issue, viz. the existence and development of cities at the interface of market forces and planned or controlled policies ... the book offers new horizons and contains refreshing reading material.’ -- Peter Nijkamp, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands

About the Author/作者介绍： Chris Webster，现任香港大学建筑系教授；Lawrence Wai-Chung Lai现任香港大学房地产与建设学院经济学、规划与法律教授。

Chris Webster, Faculty of Architecture, University of Hong Kong and Lawrence Wai-Chung Lai, Professor of Economics, Planning and Law, Department of Real Estate and Construction, University of Hong Kong

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