DIVIDED BY A COMMON LANGUAGE: FACTIONAL CONFLICT IN LATE NORTHERN SONG CHINA
Book ID/图书代码： 14934818C00314
English Summary/英文概要： Divided by a Common Language is the first English-language study to approach the political history of the late Northern Song in its entirety and the first to engage the issue of factionalism in Song political culture. Ari Daniel Levine explores the complex intersection of Chinese political, cultural, and intellectual history by examining the language that ministers and monarchs used to articulate conceptions of political authority. Despite their rancorous disputes over state policy, factionalists shared a common repertoire of political discourses and practices, which they used to promote their comrades and purge their adversaries. Conceiving of factions in similar ways, ministers sought monarchical approval of their schemes, employing rhetoric that imagined the imperial court as the ultimate source of ethical and political authority.Factionalists used the same polarizing rhetoric to vilify their opponents - who rejected their exclusive claims to authority as well as their ideological programme - as treacherous and disloyal. They pressured emperors and regents to identify the malign factions that were spreading at court and expel them from the metropolitan bureaucracy before they undermined the dynastic polity. By analyzing theoretical essays, court memorials, and political debates from the period, Levine interrogates the intellectual assumptions and linguistic limitations that prevented Northern Song politicians from defending or even acknowledging the existence of factions. From the Northern Song to the Ming and Qing dynasties, this dominant discourse of authority continued to restrain members of China’s sociopolitical elite from articulating interests that acted independently from, or in opposition to, the dynastic polity.Deeply grounded in both primary and secondary sources, Levine’s study is important for the clarity and fluidity with which it presents a critical period in the development of Chinese imperial history and government.
Chinese Summary/中文概要： 本书是第一部完整探讨北宋后期政治史的英语研究，也是首次涉及宋代政治文化中的派系主义问题的英语研究。Ari Daniel Levine通过考察大臣和君主表达政治权威概念的语言，探讨了中国政治、文化和思想历史的复杂关系。尽管派系主义者对国家政策存在激烈的争论，但他们在政治话语和政治实践方面有着共同的风格，他们用这些来鼓舞同道，清洗敌人。大臣们以相似的方式形成派系，试图通过君主政体来批准他们的计划。派系主义者用同样的两极对立的言辞来诋毁他们的反对者。他们向皇帝和摄政者施压，要求他们找出朝廷中的邪恶派别，并在他们破坏王朝政体之前将他们从官僚机构中驱逐出去。作者通过分析这一时期的理论论文、宫廷纪念碑和政治辩论，质疑了阻碍北宋政治家捍卫甚至承认派系存在的思想假设和语言局限性。从北宋到明清，这种占统治地位的权力话语继续限制着中国社会政治精英成员表达独立于王朝政治或反对王朝政治的利益。作者的研究基础扎实，能够帮助理清中国帝国史和政府发展的这一关键时期。（LYR）
Awards/获奖情况：
About the Author/作者介绍： Ari Daniel Levine，佐治亚大学历史副教授。Ari Daniel Levine is assistant professor of history at the University of Georgia.
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