ALTERNATIVE VALUES: THE PERENNIAL DEBATE ABOUT WEALTH, POWER, FAME, PRAISE, GLORY, AND PHYSICAL PLEASURE
Book ID/图书代码： 04332806B03402
English Summary/英文概要： Alternative Values brings together in one place what people have said about the pursuit of wealth, power, fame, praise, glory, and physical pleasure over the centuries. It is set up in the form of a debate: arguments that one should ardently pursue some of our most common desires are juxtaposed with arguments that pursuing them is a foolish or even tragic waste of one’s life.
In Plato’s Gorgias, Callicles argues that “The person who would truly live ought to allow personal desires to wax to the uttermost [and] when they have grown to their greatest . . . have the courage and intelligence to minister to them and satisfy such longings.” The Buddha, by contrast, warns that “From craving arises sorrow,” and Einstein agrees that “I am happy because I want nothing.” Epicurus provides a somewhat different perspective: “Personal pleasure [should be] the objective,” but the truest pleasure is “the absence of . . . turmoil in the mind.” Willa Cather counters that “There is only one big thing—desire,” and Bette Davis says proudly that “My passions were all gathered together like fingers that made a fist.” Thomas Hobbes agrees that “To have no desire is to be dead,” and Isaiah Berlin characterizes “the doctrine that . . . what I cannot have I must teach myself not to desire . . . [as] a sublime but unmistakable form of . . . sour grapes.”
This is truly a perennial debate, one that all of us must try to resolve for ourselves, but also a debate that can be enriched and clarified by paying close attention to what others have thought and said over the years.
Chinese Summary/中文概要： 《他人的价值观》为我们集中呈现了几世纪以来，人们对于财富，权力，名誉，褒奖，荣耀和生理享乐等亘古不朽的讨论。有大致两个观点，观点一，人应该热切地追求着我们最基本的欲望，而观点二截然相反，最求这些是愚蠢的，甚至是对生命的浪费。
在柏拉图的《高尔吉亚篇》中，卡利克勒认为，“真正算是活过的人应允许自己的欲望滋长到最大，然后当他们变得足够强大，有勇气和智慧去实现他们时，便去满足这些欲望。”。而相反的，佛警示道:“忧由欲望而生。”爱因斯坦表示同意，“我很快乐，因为我无欲无求。”伊壁鸠鲁提供了一个有些不同的观点：“个人的快乐应是人生的目标，但真正的快乐是内心的平静。”瓦拉.凯瑟反驳道：“欲望才是人生的头等大事。”贝蒂•戴维斯得意地说，“我的激情全都聚集在一起，就像五根手指攥成一个拳头。”托马斯•霍布斯认为，“没有欲望就如同行尸走肉。”以赛亚•柏林认为：“如果我必不能得到什么，那我就得教会自己不去渴望得到它。”这就是典型的“酸葡萄心理”。
这确实是个亘古不朽的辩论，我们每个人都必须找到自己的答案，但听听伟人，古人们的看法能增长我们的见闻，也可以让我们的答案变得更清晰。（XAT）
Awards/获奖情况：
About the Author/作者介绍： 亨特.路易斯已经出版6本关于经济和价值观的书籍，还刊登过数不清的杂志，报刊文，以及线上文章。他受高度赞扬的作品《富人有存在的价值吗？》被《纽约时报》评价为“高度挑衅但十足有趣”，《出版者周刊》认为此书值得一读，而《巴伦时报》则说适合在家庭旅行中大声阅读。
亨特毕业于哈佛大学，是全球投资型公司，剑桥合作有限公司的合伙人，公司的客户包括领先研究型大学，慈善组织以及普通家庭。他曾是15家非盈利机构，包括环保，教育，研究，文化组织，以及世界银行的名誉董事。
Hunter Lewis is the author of six books in the related fields of economics and values, as well as numerous magazine, newspaper, and online articles. His much-praised book Are the Rich Necessary? was called "highly provocative and highly pleasurable" by the New York Times, "great reading" by Publishers Weekly, and "worth reading aloud on a family vacation" by Barron’s.
A graduate of Harvard University, Lewis co-founded Cambridge Associates, LLC, a global investment firm whose clients include leading research universities, charitable organizations, and families. He has served on boards and committees of fifteen not-for-profit organizations, including environmental, teaching, research, and cultural organizations, as well as the World Bank.
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