THE MAN ON DEVIL’S ISLAND: ALFRED DREYFUS AND THE AFFAIR THAT DIVIDED FRANCE
Book ID/图书代码： 11701210B35256
English Summary/英文概要： The end of September 1894 a charlady stole an undated and unsigned letter from the wastepaper bin of the German military attaché in Paris. Torn to pieces but stuck back together by French intelligence, this document contained French military secrets. By the middle of October a Jewish captain in the army called Alfred Dreyfus was accused of being its author. As it turned out, he was entirely innocent, but at the time few questioned the verdict of the subsequent court martial, nor the unanimous decision to sentence him to a life of penal servitude. Public opinion was outraged, and the War Minister, General Auguste Mercier, asked for the reintroduction of the death penalty so Dreyfus could be guillotined.
Although the request was turned down, Dreyfus was still subjected to special conditions: rather than going to New Caledonia like other transported convicts, he was sent to the much harsher Devil’s Island off the coast of French Guiana, and condemned to solitary confinement in murderous conditions. The French authorities did not expect – and probably did not want – him to survive. So undisputed was Dreyfus’ conviction that no one had any inkling it would be queried, let alone that the case would become the scandal that nearly brought down the French state. It changed the political course of the nation and transformed the way the country viewed itself and was viewed by others. In The Man on Devil’s Island Ruth Harris writes beautifully and engagingly on a moment in French history that polarized society and undermined the French state; its repercussions were felt up to the outbreak of the Second World War.
Chinese Summary/中文概要： 1894年9月，法国情报部门在德驻巴黎大使馆的废纸中发现了一封被撕碎的信，他们将它复原后发现，这封信是寄给德国武官施瓦茨·考本的，信没有署名，信的内容是有关法国在德国边境掩护部队的情况和一些军事机密。
12月中旬左右，犹太法国军官阿尔弗雷德·德莱弗斯被指控为这封信的作者。事实上，德莱弗斯与间谍活动毫不相干，作为一个犹太人，他被当局选作替罪羊。很快，德莱弗斯就以间谍罪和叛国罪被逮捕。在开庭审判以前，军方请了几名字迹专家鉴定字迹。但专家们最后认为证据不足，不象是德莱弗斯的笔迹。可这时军方已骑虎难下，因为逮捕决定是陆军部长亲自做出的，为了维护军方的威信，只好将错就错。
当时的陆战部长默西埃 奥古斯特提出恢复死刑，以便将德莱弗斯送上断头台。虽然他的要求被驳回，法国军事法庭仍宣布德莱弗斯因泄漏军事机密给敌国而犯有叛国罪，开除其军籍并终身流放到臭名昭著的魔鬼岛上。
德莱弗斯一案成为了法国历史上最大的冤案，它彻底改变了法国的政治格局。法国在这12年中被此案搞得四分五裂，近似处于一场不流血的内战中，政府垮台，家庭分裂，决斗风行，有人前途被毁，有人入狱，有人自杀。这也让世界开始重新审视法国。(RH)
Awards/获奖情况：Ruth Harris is Fellow and Tutor in Modern History at New College, Oxford. She has written widely on topics on Modern French History and the History of Medicine and is author of Murders and Madness: Medicine, Law and Society in the Fin de Siècle (1989) and Lourdes: Body and Spirit in a Secular Age.
露丝哈里斯是牛津大学新学院的近代史研究员和导师。她有多篇文章发表在法国现代史和医学史，她的作品还包括《Murders and Madness: Medicine, Law and Society in the Fin de Siècle (1989)》、《Lourdes: Body and Spirit in a Secular Age.》。
About the Author/作者介绍：
Format:电子手稿
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