THE HIGHER LEARNING IN AMERICA

Book ID/图书代码： 13149004B06971

English Summary/英文概要： Perhaps the pivotal book in the reform of higher education in the United States, Robert M. Hutchins’ classic is once again available, with a brilliant personal and professional appreciation by Harry S. Ashmore. When it was published in 1936 The Higher Learning in America brought into focus the root causes of the controversies that still beset the nation’s educational system. Taking office in 1929 as president of the University of Chicago, Hutchins began his tenure by declaring the learning available in even the most prestigious universities grossly deficient.

He cited himself as case in point. At Yale he had graduated at the top of his college class and set a record in the law school that led to appointment as professor and, at 26, promotion to dean. But he had acquired only "some knowledge of the Bible, of Shakespeare, and Faust, of one dialogue of Plato, and of the opinions of many semi-literate and a few literate judges, and that was about all."

The curricular reforms and administrative reorganization he undertook at Chicago are set forth in this volume, along with the philosophical arguments he worked out to explicate and defend his views. His goal was to reestablish the liberal arts and humanities as the basis for undergraduate education, consigning specialization and research to graduate and professional schools. Hutchins envisioned the university as a community of scholars who, in addition to teaching and research, provided independent thought and criticism of a society being rapidly transformed by science and technology. Challenging the educational establishment at every pertinent level, he became the most celebrated—and most controversial—intellectual of his era.

After twenty-two years at Chicago, Hutchins became associate director of the newly enriched Ford Foundation, where he was primarily responsible for the bold reforms sponsored by its Fund for the Advancement of Education and Fund for Adult Education. In 1960 he established the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions at Santa Barbara to maintain an ongoing dialogue between scholars and practitioners that would "identify and clarify the basic issues of our time, and widen the circles of discussion about them."

Chinese Summary/中文概要： 美国高等教育改革史上举足轻重的一本读物，Robert M. Hutchins的经典著作再次问世。1936年出版时，《美国高等教育》一书着重探讨了教育争议的根源，这些争议至今仍旧困扰着美国教育体系。1929年出任芝加哥大学校长后，Hutchins曾声称即便是在最负盛名的大学，所提供的学习仍旧是不充分的。

他以自己为例，就读于耶鲁大学时，自己成绩优异，在法学院名列前茅，毕业后就当上教授，26岁时就晋升为院长，然而他在文学方面的知识却十分匮乏，对于圣经、莎士比亚、柏拉图等著作知识略知一二。

本书记录了Hutchins于芝加哥所执行的改革及行政重组，以及他所提出的用来解释和捍卫自身立场的哲学观点。其目的是要将文学和人文社科学作为本科教育的基础。

Hutchins眼中未来的大学应该是学者的社区，除了授课和研究，还应对日新月异的社会提出独立的思维和批判。由于其对教育体系中已有规定的挑战，他成为了那个时代最著名、也是最具争议的学者。

在芝加哥工作了22年后，Hutchins成为了福特基金会的副董事。1960年，他创办了民主制度研究中心，为学者和教育实践者搭建桥梁。(LYR)

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