诺姆•乔姆斯基（Noam Chomsky),1928年10月7日生于费城，宾夕法尼亚州。于宾夕法尼亚大学学习语言学，数学，哲学 。1955年获博士学位，开始于马萨诸塞州技术研究所任教，并于语言学院和哲学院任荣誉教授。1951-1955年，任哈佛大学研究员协会青年研究员，期间完成博士毕业论文《转化分析》，其主要理论观点主要出现在其专著的据法结构中，1957年发表后被认为是现代语言学领域的革命性突破。这篇论文可谓是另一篇更为宽泛论文《语言学理论的逻辑结构》的前身，于1955年油印发行。 1956年改版多数于1975年出版。1961年，被任麻省理工现代语言和语言学学院（现语言学于哲学院)。
1976年起任研究院教授直至2002年。乔姆斯基曾著大量颇具影响力的政治作品，如《希望与未来》《干涉》《失落国度》《霸权还是生存：美国争夺世界统治权》《媒体控制》《制造契：艾德•赫曼谈大众传媒之政治经济学》《必要幻象》《理解权利》等。
1988年获京都基础科学奖,本奖主要授予对科学，文化及人类精神发展有突出贡献者。该奖评注乔姆斯基博士的理论系统为20世纪科学与思想发展道路上的突破性里程碑，他本人是本世纪当之无愧的院士与科学家。现居莱克星顿市，马萨诸塞州。
Noam Chomsky was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on December 7, 1928. He studied linguistics, mathematics, and philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania. In 1955, he received his Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania and began teaching at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he is Institute Professor Emeritus in the Department of Linguistics and Philosophy.
During the years 1951 to 1955, Chomsky was a Junior Fellow of the Harvard University Society of Fellows. While a Junior Fellow he completed his doctoral dissertation entitled, “Transformational Analysis.” The major theoretical viewpoints of the dissertation appeared in the monograph Syntactic Structures, which was published in 1957 and is widely credited with having revolutionized the field of modern linguistics. This formed part of a more extensive work, The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory, circulated in mimeograph in 1955. Most of a 1956 version was published in 1975.
In 1961, Chomsky was appointed full professor in the Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics (now the Department of Linguistics and Philosophy) at MIT. From 1966 to 1976 he held the Ferrari P. Ward Professorship of Modern Languages and Linguistics. In 1976 he was appointed Institute Professor, a position he held until 2002.
Chomsky is the author of numerous influential political works, including Hopes and Prospects (Haymarket Books), Interventions (City Lights / Open Media Series), Failed States (Metropolitan Books), Hegemony or Survival: America’s Quest for Global Dominance (Metropolitan Books), Media Control (Seven Stories Press / Open Media Series), Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media with Ed Herman (Pantheon), Necessary Illusions (South End Press), Understanding Power (New Press), and many other titles.
In 1988, Chomsky received the Kyoto Prize in Basic Science, given “to honor those who have contributed significantly to the scientific, cultural, and spiritual development of mankind.” The prize noted that “Dr. Chomsky’s theoretical system remains an outstanding monument of 20th century science and thought. He can certainly be said to be one of the great academicians and scientists of this century.”
Chomsky lives in Lexington, Massachusetts.