IF A, THEN B: HOW THE WORLD DISCOVERED LOGIC
Book ID/图书代码： 03830511B51150
English Summary/英文概要： While logical principles seem timeless, placeless, and eternal, their discovery is a story of personal accidents, political tragedies, and broad social change. If A, Then B begins with logic’s emergence twenty-three centuries ago and tracks its expansion as a discipline ever since. It explores where our sense of logic comes from and what it really is a sense of. It also explains what drove human beings to start studying logic in the first place.
Logic is more than the work of logicians alone. Its discoveries have survived only because logicians have also been able to find a willing audience, and audiences are a consequence of social forces affecting large numbers of people, quite apart from individual will. This study therefore treats politics, economics, technology, and geography as fundamental factors in generating an audience for logic -- grounding the discipline’s abstract principles in a compelling material narrative. The authors explain the turbulent times of the enigmatic Aristotle, the ancient Stoic Chrysippus, the medieval theologian Peter Abelard, and the modern thinkers René Descartes, David Hume, Jeremy Bentham, George Boole, Augustus De Morgan, John Stuart Mill, Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell, and Alan Turing. Examining a variety of mysteries, such as why so many branches of logic (syllogistic, Stoic, inductive, and symbolic) have arisen only in particular places and periods, If A, Then B is the first book to situate the history of logic within the movements of a larger social world.
If A, Then B is the 2013 Gold Medal winner of Foreword Reviews’ IndieFab Book of the Year Award for Philosophy.
Chinese Summary/中文概要： 逻辑原理是永恒的、无处不在的和不朽的，它们的发现就是一个关于人身故事、政治悲剧以及广泛的社会变革。If A, Then B就是随着二十三个世纪前逻辑的出现开始的，并也从此扩张为一门学科。If A, Then B探究的是我们的逻辑感是从哪里来的，并且逻辑感究竟是怎样的一种感觉。If A, Then B也对是什么驱使人类开始学习逻辑进行了解释。
逻辑不仅仅是逻辑学家们的事情，其发现只有在逻辑学家们能够找到一个心甘 情愿的观众的情况下才可以幸存下来。在这种情况下，观众就是影响绝大部分人的社会力量的后果，这种社会力量跟个人意志很不同。因此本研究将政治、经济、技术和地理作为观众生成逻辑的基本因素，在学科的抽象原则的基础上进行一个令人信服的材料叙述。该作者解释了神秘的亚里士多德、古代斯多葛•克里西波斯、中世纪神学家彼得•阿伯拉尔以及现代思想家勒内•笛卡尔、戴维•休谟、杰瑞米•本萨姆、乔治•布尔、奥古斯都•摩根、约翰•斯图亚特•密尔、戈特洛布•弗雷格、伯特兰•罗素和阿兰•图灵等人所在的动荡时代。通过考察各种神秘，例如为什么逻辑学的这么多分支（三段论、斯图亚特、电感以及符号）只在特定的地区和时期出现。If A, Then B是第一本将逻辑史定位在一个更大的社会世界的运动之中的书。
《如果A，那么B》是2013年度哲学年度书前言部分奖的金牌得手。(LNL)
Awards/获奖情况：这是关于我们最抽象但也是最基础的学科的一个很有趣的故事。其结果就是对人类工作理性不可或缺一部分的一个深刻且可读性极强的探索。强烈推荐！（雅歌•卡洛德，美国里韦大学）
迈克尔•和海蒂•白所创的新书是一个冒险的事业，不过在我看来也是一个有价值的事业。他们的目的就是从该教室的数学角落来拯救逻辑，并将其置于哲学的中心，确切地说，是生命的中心。冒险的一部分是关于推理、知识和理性的声称是逻辑之首要问题的声称（马丁•科恩时代高等教育）
This is a fascinating story of one of our most abstract yet foundational disciplines. The result is an insightful and wonderfully readable exploration of an essential part of human rationality at work. Highly recommended.(Lloyd Carr, Rivier University)
Michael Shenefelt and Heidi White’s new book is a risky undertaking and, I think, a valuable one. Their aim is to rescue logic from the mathematised corner of the classroom and put it squarely at the heart of philosophy - and indeed life. The risky part is the claim that reasoning, knowledge and rationality are first and foremost matters of logic.(Martin Cohen Times Higher Education)
About the Author/作者介绍： 迈克尔获得了哥伦比亚大学哲学博士学位，先做了新闻记者，而后开始逻辑教学。他也是《道德哲学问题》的作者。海蒂•白获得了社会研究新学院哲学博士学位，他也获得了位于达拉斯的德克萨斯大学思想史的硕士学位。她是教哲学、知识史的前美国和平队志愿者。这两个作者在纽约大学的通识课程教授“伟大的书”。
Michael Shenefelt has a doctorate in philosophy from Columbia University and began teaching logic after having worked previously as a newspaper reporter. He is also the author of The Questions of Moral Philosophy. Heidi White has a doctorate in philosophy from the New School for Social Research and a master’s degree in the history of ideas from the University of Texas at Dallas. She teaches philosophy and intellectual history and is a former U.S. Peace Corps Volunteer. Both authors teach Great Books at New York University’s Liberal Studies Program.
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