明太祖朱元璋（上、下）

Book ID/图书代码： 00000214B68996

English Summary/英文概要： Content: Ming Taizu, named Zhu Yuanzhang, was the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the longest dynasty in China’s history. Zhu Yuanzhang was one of the first peasants who started a Chinese dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang was born into a poor family in 1328. When he was young, both his parents died. Zhu Yuanzhang used to be a peasant, a beggar and a Buddhist monk but was able to get followers to fight the Mongols. In 1352, he joined the Red Kerchief Army against the declining Yuan (Mongols) Dynasty (1271-1368) and soon became a peasant revolt leader. He began by conquering Southern China and pushing the Mongols North. In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty and set up his capital in the city of Nanjing in Southern China. Over half a year, he solved all obstacles and finally reunited China. He named his dynasty the Ming, meaning "brilliant". After becoming the emperor, Zhu Yuanzhang changed his name to Hong-Wu. "Hong" means huge and "Wu" means force. After becoming the emperor of Ming, he abolished the post of prime minister, and worked out the Great Ming’s laws which helped to strengthen centralization. He again adopted the government system that was supported by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations.

Zhu Yuanzhang founded one of the longest dynasties in China history, but the peasant-born emperor did so by killing thousands of followers, old friends and adversaries. He was very careful to develop and maintain his power. For example, when he heard that his Prime Minister was plotting against him,Zhu Yuanzhang became scared that he was going to lose the Mandate of Heaven, so he killed the Prime Minister and about 40,000 of his followers. He rebuilt the Chinese economy in many ways. He built rice terraces, introduced crop rotation, and planted over a billion trees. He created a hereditary military caste of soldiers who sustained themselves by farming. Unlike all the other emperors, Zhu Yuanzhang worked very hard. Zhu Yuanzhang was a good emperor who carried out positive economic policies, created foundations for the prosperity in the early Ming Dynasty. But China under Ming’s rule developed an autocratic government. Zhu Yuanzhang’s cruelty also got adopted by his descendents. Zhu Yuanzhang died in 1398 at the age of 71.

Chinese Summary/中文概要： 本书讲述了明太祖朱元璋功过传奇的一生。朱元璋出身贫寒，自幼父母双亡，从放牛娃、要饭的小和尚，到构建统一王朝的开国皇帝。在位的三十一年，他屠戮功臣，但也严惩贪官；实行文化专制，但又极为关切民间疾苦，实行休养生息政策；主张看能力选用人材，但也确立了明朝一套科举考试的制度；倾财力养兵百万，但也创立了一套屯田法减轻老百姓的负担；朱元璋是一位威严的皇帝，他又像是一位乡间老者，体察民情，品尝庶民的哀乐与疾苦。朱元璋是一个集复杂矛盾为一身政治家，治国之道亦可警示后世。

Awards/获奖情况：《明太祖朱元璋》入选了中央国家机关工委与国家新闻出版广电总局2013年下半年推荐书目，入选的图书同时有《大数据时代》、《3D打印》、《软实力》等。

Related Information: The book Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of Ming Dynasty is selected as one of the recommended books by State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television of The People’s Republic of China and Work Committee of Central Government Departments in 2013; other recommended books include The Age of Big Data, Soft Power and 3D Printing etc.

About the Author/作者介绍： 商传，男，1945年11月出生在河北省保定市清苑县。1968年毕业于北京师范学院历史系，1981年毕业于中国社会科学院研究生院历史系，获历史学硕士学位。曾任社会史研究室主任、中国明史学会会长、中国社会科学院历史研究所研究员等职务，被CCTV10百家讲坛邀请主讲《永乐大帝》、《明太祖朱元璋》。

《百家讲坛》是中央电视台科教频道（CCTV-10）2001年7月9日开播的讲座式栏目，栏目宗旨为建构时代常识，享受智慧人生。该栏目选材广泛，曾涉及文化、生物、医学、经济、军事等各个方面，现多以文化题材为主，并较多涉及中国历史、中国文化，形式多样，学理性与实用性并存，权威性与前卫性并重，追求学术创新，鼓励思想个性。

Shang chuan was born in 1945, He bei Province. Graduated with a master’s degree in history, He has been the president of the Chinese society on the history of Ming Dynasty, the director of social history research office and other posts. He was invited by CCTV 10 to lecture on Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and Emperor Yong Le.

Lecture Room: Lecture Room is a Chinese television program hosted by China Central Television (CCTV), in which scholars from various disciplines are invited to provide lectures. In its early days, featured topics included biology; physics, economics, history and literature, and the lecturers were from around the world. Its focus has gradually changed, as recent programs focus more on Chinese history and Chinese culture. It was first broadcast on 9 July 2001 on CCTV-10. The show’s title is literally translated as "The Hundred Schools of Thought Forum". Lecture Room is only an English adaptation of its Chinese title.

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Rights Status/版权销售情况：Simplified Chinese/简体中文：SOLD(非我们代理)

Complex/Traditional Chinese/繁体中文：AVAILABLE

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