AMERICAN BIODEFENSE: HOW DANGEROUS IDEAS ABOUT BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS SHAPE NATIONAL SECURITY
Book ID/图书代码： 03360014B76136
English Summary/英文概要： Biological weapons have threatened U.S. national security since at least World War II. Historically, however, the U.S. military has neglected research, development, acquisition, and doctrine for biodefense. Following September 11 and the anthrax letters of 2001, the United States started spending billions of dollars per year on medical countermeasures and biological detection systems. But most of this funding now comes from the Department of Health and Human Services rather than the Department of Defense. Why has the U.S. military neglected biodefense and allowed civilian organizations to take the lead in defending the country against biological attacks? In American Biodefense, Frank L. Smith III addresses this puzzling and largely untold story about science, technology, and national security.
Smith argues that organizational frames and stereotypes have caused both military neglect and the rise of civilian biodefense. In the armed services, influential ideas about kinetic warfare have undermined defense against biological warfare. The influence of these ideas on science and technology challenges the conventional wisdom that national security policy is driven by threats or bureaucratic interests. Given the ideas at work inside the U.S. military, Smith explains how the lessons learned from biodefense can help solve other important problems that range from radiation weapons to cyber attacks.
Chinese Summary/中文概要： 至少自二战以来生物武器就一直威胁美国的国家安全。然而，从历史上看，美国军方一直忽视生化防御的研究，开发，收购和学说。继9•11事件和2001年的炭疽信件后，美国开始每年在医疗措施和生物检测系统上花费数十亿美元。但这绝大部分的资金来自美国卫生与人类服务部而不是国防部。为什么美国军方会忽视生化防御，而允许民间组织带头保卫国家免受生物的攻击？在《美国的生化防御》中，弗兰克•L•史密斯解决了这个困惑，并讲述了很多关于科学，技术和国家安全的不为人知的故事。
史密斯认为，组织框架和刻板印象造成了军事忽视和民间生化防御的上升。在军队中，运动战的最有影响力的思想破坏了反生物防御。这些思想对科学和技术的影响挑战了传统智慧，国家安全政策受威胁或官僚的利益驱动。鉴于在美国军方工作的经历，史密斯解释了从生物防御中学到的经验教训如何帮助解决其他重要问题，例如从辐射武器到网络攻击。(LNL)
Awards/获奖情况：“《美国的生化防御》书写优美，通俗易懂，弗兰克•L•史密斯对军事文学的创新和生物文献做出了巨大的贡献。相比于其他文学聚焦于改革的成功，史密斯的书在解决改革的失败方面是独一无二的。”——格雷戈瑞•D•科布伦茨，乔治梅森大学，《生物武器：生物战争与国际安全》的作者
"In the well-written and accessible American Biodefense, Frank L. Smith III makes a useful contribution to the literature on military innovation, as well as the literature on biodefense. Smith’s book is unique in addressing a failed innovation in contrast to the rest of the literature, which focuses on successful innovations."—Gregory D. Koblentz, George Mason University, author of Living Weapons: Biological Warfare and International Security
About the Author/作者介绍： 弗兰克•L•史密斯三世是悉尼大学的政府与国际关系系的国际安全研究中心的讲师。
Frank L. Smith III is a Lecturer with the Centre for International Security Studies in the Department of Government and International Relations at the University of Sydney.
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